The Great Split – China’s Belt and Road and the Fracturing of Globalisation

Report

November 4, 2025

The world economy is entering an era of structural fracture, a Great Split between the Western and Chinese systems that could reshape globalisation as profoundly as the Cold War did. 

What is emerging instead is a divided world: two rival financial systems, two technology ecosystems, and two competing sets of rules. 

At the centre of this divide lies China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which has become the physical and financial infrastructure of a Chinese-centred global order. 

For organisations of every kind, the implications are profound, making resilience strategy; supply chains, finance, and data systems must be redesigned for geopolitical stress. 

This Great Split paper explores that axis in depth, showing how the BRI is transforming from a development strategy into the blueprint of a parallel world order – and how governments and organisations can prepare for the systemic turbulence ahead.

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